温德斯海姆庄园的步行桥建筑设计 | NEXT AR

▼桥梁鸟瞰

Aerial view © Eva Bloem

由NEXT architects设计的8座新步行桥，将温德斯海姆这座不朽的庄园装点得愈发别致丰富。 这些桥在园路中串联成一系列鲜明的景致与座位区，优雅的拱桥在风景中若隐若现。 设计绝非刻板的重建，而是用现代语素诠释了古迹的风采，使过去与当下相互交融。  

The monumental estate Windesheim has been enriched with eight new bridges, designed by NEXT architects. Together they make a series of recognizable connection points and seating areas on the walking route through the park. The elegant arch bridges appear and disappear in the landscape. The design is not a literal reconstruction, but an interpretation of the style characteristics of the historical heritage, with a modern, contemporary twist. Past and present come together.

▼优雅的拱桥融入庄园的自然景致 

The elegant arch bridges appear and disappear in the landscape © Eva Bloem

H+N+S景观事务所承担了庄园的历史研究与总体改造规划。NEXT architects设计的8 座桥为庄园增添了一个新层次，使公园景观变得更具吸引力且方便易达。

The historical research and the master plan for the renovation of the estate were drawn up by H+N+S Landscape Architects. NEXT architects designed 8 new bridges for the estate to add a new layer and make the park more attractive and accessible.

温德斯海姆庄园

Windesheim Estate

温德斯海姆庄园占地约660公顷，位于荷兰兹沃勒南部，上爱塞省的温德斯海姆镇附近，其历史可以追溯到14世纪。配套的公园由荷兰景观设计师雅各布·欧腾·赫斯利(Jacob Otten Husly)于1789年设计。庄园的中心是座古老的建筑—Huis Windesheim遗迹。遗址上的历史建筑，以及纪念性的栅栏、桥梁、花园和花园装饰物都是受保护的国家历史文物。

Windesheim is an estate of approximately 660 hectares located near the town Windesheim in the Dutch region of Overijssel, south of Zwolle. The history of the estate dates back to the fourteenth century. The accompanying park was designed in 1789 by the Dutch landscape architect Jacob Otten Husly. In the heart of the estate are the remains of Huis Windesheim, an old estate house. The historic buildings on the site, as well as the monumental fences, bridges, gardens, and garden ornaments are protected national monuments.

▼桥梁分布示意（在建中）

Project overview (in progress) © NEXT architects

新桥梁的设计运用现代视角与手法，但秉持了历史遗产的精神。虽然人们知道过去桥梁的位置，也知道Husly手稿中阐述的设计意图，但至于是否皆曾建成，又或悉遵手稿，一切不得而知。因此，团队创造了一个匹配Husly手稿中各个桥的位置的新设计，每座桥有其独特之处，又都统一在一个脉络之下。比如不同的桥，有着长短高低各不同的拱券，以及具有一样神韵的栏杆。

The new bridges are designed with a modern vision and contemporary means but in the spirit of the historic estate. The location of the original bridges is known and a hand drawn sketch by Husly shows his intention for the design. However, it is not known whether all the bridges were actually built or whether the overall design was similar to the sketch. For this reason, a new design was made that matches the specific location of the various bridges in Husly's plan. Together the bridges form a family, although each bridge has its own unique elements. For example, the arches of the bridges vary in height. In addition, a fence with the same characteristics has been designed. 

▼Husly手稿

hand drawn sketch by Husly © Stichting Landgoed Windesheim

庄园中的宝珠

Jewellery of the estate

随着拱桥的建成，“花园的宝珠”这一层次渐渐叠加到Husly浪漫主义设计风格的庄园中。这8座桥，既是观景的桥，也是被看的风景。桥梁循着小径的蜿蜒而建，成为精心设置的步道的一部分。‘断桥’是个特例，它是护城河上的观景台，可一览历史遗迹。在这独特的观景点，庄园不同时期的遗迹，如一页页绘卷般展开。

With the construction of the park bridges, an interesting layer of 'garden jewellery' has been added to the estate in the style of Husly's romantic park design. The eight new bridges are important landmarks on the walking route and are part of the landscape. By following the shape of the meandering path structure, the bridges accompany the carefully programmed walking route. The Ruin Bridge is an exception; this structure has been designed as a viewing platform above the moat, which offers a view of the remains of the historic mansion. It is a unique viewpoint where the different historical layers of the estate become clearly visible.

▼拱桥循着小径的蜿蜒而设

The bridges follow the shape of the meandering path © Eva Bloem

▼断桥

The Ruin Bridge © Eva Bloem

除了最小的桥，其余都结合了长凳，作为游线上的歇脚点。桥梁将行人的视线吸引至远处风景，发挥着观景点的战略作用。部分座椅以不对称的方式摆放，进一步对观者的视线起到引导作用。由此，庄园中最美的景色与最惊艳的画面都展现在游人眼前。

All bridges, except the smallest, have an integrated bench as a resting point on the route. The bridges play a strategic role as viewpoints by guiding the passenger's gaze through the landscape. Due to the asymmetrical placement of the benches on a number of bridges, the spectator’s view can be intentionally directed by its orientation. As a result, the most beautiful places of the estate are highlighted and surprising new perspectives are being displayed to the viewer. 

▼结合长椅的桥梁

The bridges have an integrated bench © Eva Bloem

▼长椅对观者的视线起到引导作用

The spectator’s view can be directed by bridges and benches © Eva Bloem

与景观相交融

Integration with the landscape

各个桥梁在风格上保持英式园林建筑的特点。庄园的东部为English Bosch，但丰富的历史痕迹已然消失殆尽。庄园这片区域有两座拱桥，塑造了水景观景点，游客可立于桥头欣赏全景，桥面与栏杆平缓过渡到道路结构之上。在庄园的北部，道路狭窄，该处的桥梁被设计成水面上只有单侧栏杆的通道。

The various bridges are in line with English landscape architecture in terms of style characteristics. In the eastern part of the estate, the English Bosch, traces of the rich history have largely been lost. Two arched bridges have been realized for this part of the estate that offer a view of the water, lifting the passenger above the landscape. The bridges connect to the path structure with a smooth transition of the deck and railings. Landscape and bridge flow into each other. In the northern part of the estate, the paths are narrower. The bridges that are located here are designed as a gangway over the water with a single railing.

▼各个桥梁在风格上保持英式园林建筑的特点

The various bridges are in line with English landscape architecture in terms of style characteristics. © Eva Bloem

▼延续结构形式的栅栏

a fence with the same characteristics has been designed © Eva Bloem

耐候钢桥在景观中时隐时现，铁锈色浸没在森林中，其粗糙硬朗的质感却又跳脱于背景之外。白色的栏杆加强了这种对比，突出了桥梁和它们的轮廓。桥面上的穿孔图案是根据木板条建造的桥梁而设计的，透过桥面上的缝隙可以窥见桥下的流水，凸出了新结构与原风貌在温德斯海姆庄园中的无缝融合。

By using Corten steel, the bridges appear and disappear in the landscape. On the one hand, the brown rust colour of the material blends in seamlessly with the forest, but on the other hand, the material is fairly rough and sharp, which offers a contrast with its environment. The white railings reinforce that contrast and accentuate the bridges and their leading lines. The deck features a perforated pattern that is based on a bridge constructed from wooden slats. The slits in the deck offer a small view of the water and emphasise the seamless integration of the new connections in the Windesheim estate.

▼桥面上的穿孔图案

The deck with a perforated pattern © Eva Bloem

▼白色栏杆突出了桥梁作为引导线的功能

The white railings reinforce that contrast and accentuate the bridges and their leading lines  © Eva Bloem

_项目信息 

_{项目名称：温德斯海姆庄园的步行桥}

_{项目地点：荷兰温德斯海姆}

_{项目规模：8座桥，每座约10米}

_{设计公司：NEXT architects} 

_{施工单位：Buiting Staalbouw}

_{委托方：温德斯海姆庄园基金会}

_{设计时间：2018}

_{建成时间：2021} 

_{图片来源：Eva Bloem， NEXT architects}

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_{投稿邮箱：info@landscape.cn}

_{项目咨询：18510568018（微信同号）}