印度尼西亚万隆市民广场景观设计 | SHAU

万隆市民广场（Alun Alun Cicendo）位于印尼西爪哇省万隆市Aruna路，该街区是著名的铁匠作坊聚集区。项目要求将该地块改造为复合功能的公园，并将部分现存的临街铁匠作坊迁入公园内，为街道腾出空间。公园内需设有体育设施、中央广场、艺术展亭、展览馆以及艺术家活动空间等。除此之外，SHAU还添加了枯山水花园和一个与水池相连的峡谷区域。

^{SHAU was assigned by former Mayor of Bandung and current governor of the province West Java, Ridwan Kamil to design Alun-alun Cicendo in Bandung next to Jalan Aruna, an area which is known for its blacksmith workshops. The brief defined a multifunctional park where parts of the existing blacksmith workshops will be relocated from the street front into the park thus freeing the adjacent street. Further SHAU was asked to include sports facilities, a central square, art kiosks, a pavilion and allocate spaces for local artists. SHAU then included additional features like a dry garden and a canyon ending in a water feature.} 

^{▲万隆市民广场区位图 ©SHAU}

^{▲场地全貌 ©Mulkisalman}

^{▲峡谷的尽头是可戏水的水池 ©Sonny Sanjaya}

SHAU没有将场地割裂为不同的功能区，而是决定让不同区域以渐变的方式相互融合。设计利用耐候钢带形成阶梯式丘陵地形来组织不同功能区的人流，它的形式与万隆周围的景观融为一体，同时钢材料恰到好处地呼应了街区的铁匠文化。

^{Rather than working with distinct areas allocated to the functions, SHAU decided to opt for a solution where areas start to blend into each other in a more gradual way. For that the concept of rusty steel ribbons was introduced which organizes the flow of visitors around these functions in form of a topography of stepped hills, lending its form to the surrounding landscape of Bandung as well as relating the main material namely steel to the direct neighborhood.} 

^{▲概念设计：复合功能空间，而不是互相割裂的多功能空间 ©SHAU}

^{▲鸟瞰图 ©SHAU}

^{▲耐候钢带呼应当地的铁匠文化  ©Sonny Sanjaya}

设计利用楼梯和可坐式台阶等形式构建出阶梯式地形，形成休息和活动的空间，激励游客探索和利用公园内不同的场地空间。 几个抬高的台地成为六位当地艺术家放置和展示他们钢雕作品的平台，它们宛如博物馆中展览物的基座。

^{With the introduction of the stepped topography in form of stairs and seating stairs SHAU creates spaces of rest and movement with the intention to animate the visitors to explore and take different vantage points along the park. The tops of the hills serve as platforms for six local artists to place and display their steel sculptures like pedestals in museums.} 

^{▲从外向内看，广场犹如艺术品的背景。而在广场内部，台地形成了遮荫空间。©SHAU}

^{©Sonny Sanjaya}

^{©Sonny Sanjaya}

^{▲台地成为展示艺术家雕塑作品的基座 ©Sonny Sanjaya}

铁匠作坊的屋顶被设计成甲板的形式，人们在这个较为安静的区域能俯瞰整个公园。部分甲板区域铺设钢格板，树木可以穿过它的缝隙生长，同时这也为上方的甲板和下方铁匠工坊区的通道之间建立了视觉联系，并降低了日晒。

^{The area above the blacksmith kiosks is materialized in form of a deck intended to be a quieter area overlooking the whole park. The deck is made partly from steel grating and voids for trees piercing through, establishing a visual connection between deck above and steel workshop alley beneath but also bringing daylight down.} 

^{©Mulkisalman}

^{©Mulkisalman}

^{▲铁匠作坊区的屋顶如同一个甲板，人们可以在这里俯瞰广场全貌 ©Sonny Sanjaya}

主广场一侧的钢制展亭棱角分明、十分尖锐，与塑造地形的圆润流畅的钢带形成了鲜明对比。 突出的尖角像楔子一样插向广场主要入口，将游客向不同的方向分流，而另一侧则向主广场开放。从立面来看，亭子分为两个区域，一个是供游客就坐、步行和观赏的楼梯，另一个则是下方用于临时展示艺术品的区域。这座三维的、由耐候钢制成的之字形展亭成为了广场的中心，在公园的外部也可以观赏它雕塑一般的形态。展亭下方的开放空间由垂直的橡胶绳围合，宛如一座无形的立面。游客若想进入这个空间必须用力打开橡胶绳，使进入此处成为了有意识的活动。

^{Adjacent the main square a steel pavilion was placed. The geometry is angular and pointy and stands in opposition to the more rounded and fluid forms of the topography’s steel ribbons. Here, the pointy side is oriented like a wedge towards the main entrance of Alun-alun bifurcating the flow of visitors into different directions and being open on the other side towards the main square. In elevation the pavilion is designed to have two main areas, again a stair for seating, walking and viewing and an area underneath for displaying art temporarily. The result is a 3-dimensional, rusty steel zig zag which serves as central point of the park being also visible from outside the park and becomes a sculpture itself. The open space underneath the pavilion is framed with vertical rubber strings which serve as an almost non-material façade between two outdoor environments, making the stepping inside a conscious act of crossing a threshold by having to force the rubber strings open.} 

^{©Sonny Sanjaya}

^{©Sonny Sanjaya}

©Sonny Sanjaya

^{▲展亭下方的开放空间由垂直的橡胶绳围合 ©SHAU}

人们可以从台阶和其他坡道从任何地方进入公园。通过整合不同的活动、建立可达性好的无障碍环境、促进游客流动、激发好奇心、引入连贯的材料主题以及将公园和凉亭雕塑化等方式，SHAU希望将广场打造为一个连续性的艺术综合体。

^{The whole park is accessible at any point for everybody via additional ramps not only stairs. By integrating different programs, establishing accessibility, animating visitors to move, stimulating curiosity, introducing a coherent material theme and sculpting the park and pavilion, SHAU hopes to establish a consistent Gesamtkunstwerk (synthesis of the arts).}  

^{©Sonny Sanjaya}

^{©Mulkisalman}

项目图纸

^{▲铺装材料 ©SHAU}

^{▲剖面图 ©SHAU}

^{▲场地平面图 ©SHAU}

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