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南京园博园悦榕庄景观设计 | 瀚世景观

瀚世国际设计 2022-01-06

原创

项目名称：

南京园博园悦榕庄酒店
项目地点：

江苏南京
项目规模：

40000㎡
设计公司：

瀚世景观规划设计（上海）有限公司
委托方：

南京园博园
建成时间：

2021年
图片来源：

xf photography- Voyager 21、赖连取

一颗石头可以大到是一座山

石头可以成为建筑材料成为边界成为庇护所

石头可以分解与水作用加上阳光空气孕育生命

A stone can be as big as a mountain.

Stones can become building materials, borders and shelters.

Stone can decompose and interact with wate、 sunshine 、 air breed life.

和设计师在讨论选石头还是选绿化，就像当初设计汇报时争论的焦点，我想的景观设计不是把绿化铺的满满当当就算完事儿，那充其量只能说是搞绿化，我更愿意见到这块石头经过风吹雨打，自然演替后迸发新生的绿苗；日光不同角度下反射矿石上的机理；宛如人类在新星体上建设文明的壮阔，以及所有住客穿梭在未来与现实间的奇妙表情。

Discussing with the designer whether to choose stone or greening is like the focus of debate in the original design report. I think the landscape design is not to make the greening full even if it is finished。 At best, it can only be said to be greening. I prefer to see this stone burst into new green seedlings after wind and rain; The mechanism of sunlight reflecting on ore at different angles; It is like the magnificence of human civilization on the new star, and the wonderful expression of all residents shuttling between the future and reality.

采石的矿场留下的是裸露的岩层，斜射照出耀眼的地质特征，最原始的地质魅力裸现眼前。

The quarry left bare rock strata, which reflected dazzling geological features and exposed the most primitive geological charm.

园博园南京悦榕庄总平面图

General layout of Nanjing banyan tree garden

利用先锋植物群落的演替

Using the succession of pioneer plant community

先锋植物是最先建立起来的植物群落，在岩石或裸地上一般是从生长地衣开始的，因为地衣为旱生原生演替的先锋群落，植物世界中生命力最强的是地衣．据测试，地衣在零下273度的低温还能生长，因此无论是沙漠、北极，甚至海龟的背上它都能生长，在改造盐碱地、沙荒地时，根据气候土壤的具体情况选择适应的植物种类，建立先锋植物群落，以便使不毛之地逐步被改造为可生长植物的土地。

Pioneer plants are the first plant communities to be established. Lichens generally begin to grow on rocks or bare ground, because lichens are the pioneer communities of xerophytic primary succession, and lichens have the strongest vitality in the plant world. According to tests, lichens can grow at a low temperature of minus 273 degrees, so they can grow in deserts, the Arctic and even on the back of sea turtles, In the transformation of saline alkali land and sandy wasteland, the adaptive plant species shall be selected according to the specific conditions of climate and soil, and the pioneer plant community shall be established, so as to gradually transform the barren land into a land where plants can grow.

伴随岩石风化和土壤发育的历史过程，岩面上最先出现地衣、苔藓等先锋群落，继后由草本群落、灌木丛群落、森林群落顺序的取代，这种在历史发展中相互衔接的各个植物群落就构成一个演替系列；多年生禾本植物：花叶芒草、细叶芒、狼尾草-多年生草本，喜温暖、湿润及光照充足的条件，耐寒耐旱，不择土壤，耐贫瘠植物：松、杉、栎、杨、槐-耐干旱及寒冷，耐贫瘠适宜生长在排水良好的沙质土壤，这些植物通常生命力极强；用先锋物种搭建生态群落的方法称为物种框架方法，对于一个待恢复的生态群落，通常采用喜光的、易于传播的草本植物作为先锋物种。它们在演替的早期出现，可以改变地区土质，招引动物，为其他植物、动物的恢复创造条件，这个阶段被称作先锋阶段。

With the historical process of rock weathering and soil development, pioneer communities such as lichen and moss first appeared on the rock surface, and then replaced by herb community, shrub community and forest community. Each plant community connected with each other in the historical development constitutes a succession series; Perennial grasses: Miscanthus formosana, Miscanthus tenuifolia, Pennisetum - perennial herbs, like warm, humid and sufficient light conditions, cold and drought resistance, regardless of soil。Barren resistant plants: pine, fir, oak, poplar and Sophora japonica - drought and cold resistant, barren resistant, suitable for growing in sandy soil with good drainage. These plants usually have strong vitality; The method of building ecological community with pioneer species is called species framework method. For an ecological community to be restored, light loving and easy to spread herbs are usually used as pioneer species. They appear in the early stage of succession, which can change the soil quality of the area, attract animals and create conditions for the recovery of other plants and animals，This stage is called the pioneer stage.

流水改变荒漠化的地表，慢慢恢复生机

Flowing water changes the desertification surface and slowly recovers its vitality.

流水可以对岩石发生剥蚀作用产生河岸的冲积及漫滩，利用峡谷地形收集雨水水系，水系的导入引起岩石的破坏有风化作用和剥蚀作用.风化作用是岩石在原地发生的破坏作用，河谷发育成谷底较宽平时，泥沙堆积在河床两侧的河漫滩上，雨水累积反复涨水，冲积层不断增厚形成水岸漫滩平原，而漫滩的形成便开启草原景观的生长。

The water can denude the rock, produce the alluvial and floodplain on the river bank, and collect the rainwater system by using the canyon terrain. The introduction of the water system causes the damage of the rock, including weathering and denudation Weathering is the destruction of rocks in situ. The valley develops into a wide valley bottom. At ordinary times, sediment accumulates on the floodplain on both sides of the riverbed, the rainwater accumulates and rises repeatedly, and the alluvium continues to thicken to form the water bank floodplain plain, which opens the growth of grassland landscape.

旧矿坑由于长久时间的机械开采，导致水土流失土地严重荒漠化，以至于动植物无法再生；为了让裸露的山石慢慢的复苏生机，并且矿坑变成独特魅力的地质地貌体验，再生一个寻觅野趣的矿坑花园。

Due to long-term mechanical mining in old mines, water and soil loss and serious desertification of land lead to the inability of animals and plants to regenerate; In order to make the exposed rocks slowly revive and turn the mine into a unique geological and geomorphic experience, regenerate a mine garden looking for wild interest.

以自然为师的荒野景观设计

Wilderness landscape design based on nature

峡谷中自然的生长与衰败，植物群落的演替与发展，自然主义的景观设计方法，充满原生性、多样性、开发性、偶然性，依循自然的荒野景观，荷兰的野草之神Piet Outdolf打造的荒野四季花园，呈现最美又野荣枯衰败都是美，呈现植物走过四季更迭的自然模样，同样理念，我们在恢复矿坑花园样貌的进程中，是渐进的是演替的是可持续发展的，恢复生态系统中的生物多样性表现其天然生长的魅力。

The natural growth and decline in the canyon, the succession and development of plant communities, and the naturalistic landscape design method are full of originality, diversity, development and contingency. Following the natural wilderness landscape, the wilderness four seasons garden built by Piet outdoor, the God of wild grass in the Netherlands, is the most beautiful and beautiful, showing the natural appearance of plants passing through the change of seasons, Similarly, in the process of restoring the appearance of the mine garden, we are progressive, successive and sustainable. Restoring the biodiversity in the ecosystem shows the charm of its natural growth.

宛如新星球殖民的建筑风貌及极地景观

Like the architectural style and polar landscape of the new planet colony

表现大地万形万物的变化最是园博园悦榕庄景观设计的首要策略，壮阔山体崖壁、星辰运行、水元素及阳光与水溪将石矿场变成植物的萌生地，像是一场星球旅程，辉映太阳日照的建筑块体是人类文明存在的熟悉景象，建筑攀附岩体形成的星球新文明，更是隔绝极地气候的温暖太空舱，悬挑半山的温泉平台，仰望夜空拥抱暖热的泉水像最初人类栖身山崖，夜晚漫步在建筑体花园是遥望星际最好的走廊。

The primary strategy of Banyan tree in Nanjing Garden Expo landscape design is to show the changes of all things on the earth. The magnificent mountain cliffs, the movement of stars, water elements, sunlight and water streams turn the quarry into the birthplace of plants, which is like a planetary journey. The building blocks reflecting the sun's sunshine are a familiar scene of the existence of human civilization, and the new planetary civilization formed by buildings clinging to the rock mass, It is a warm space capsule isolated from the polar climate, a hot spring platform suspended in the middle of the mountain, looking up at the night sky and embracing the warm spring, like the first human living on the cliff. Walking in the building garden at night is the best corridor to look at the stars.

是找寻栖息地的原始人找到安全舒适的栖息地

It is the primitive people who look for habitat to find safe and comfortable habitat

温泉区域都采用原始石块粗犷的布置，不做细微雕琢的装饰，来自地心的馈赠热能源源不断随着泉水涌出；并不大的水池整个满载也就十个人，小孩子原始的喜悦，在山洞间跑来跑去嬉戏，泡在水池中看着一望无际晒得通红的山谷岩壁，红色太阳就在地表的那一端慢慢没入，泡完温泉后通体舒畅体会大自然的能量在身体四周流淌，作了一回原始的自我。

The hot spring area adopts the rough layout of original stones without subtle carving decoration. The gift heat energy from the center of the earth keeps pouring out with the spring; The small pool is full of ten people. The child's original joy runs around the cave, looks at the endless Red Valley rock wall in the pool, and the red sun slowly sinks into the surface. After soaking in the hot spring, he feels comfortable, feels the energy of nature flowing around his body, and makes a primitive self.

在人类还没发现火，还没办法以人为方法取得热能的时候，有可能地下的热能是原始人取得能量的重要来源，现在我们习惯了煤气炉或者电热，都忘了大自然能源的重要性，当炽热滚滚的太阳下到地平线之后，为了对抗冷空气，就像雪地里的猴子一样泡在温泉中，利用来自地心的热能温暖身体，大自然的能量与我们人类如此的密切并相依相存。

When humans haven't found fire and can't obtain heat energy artificially, it is possible that underground heat energy is an important source for primitive people to obtain energy. Now we are used to gas stove or electric heating, and we forget the importance of natural energy. When the blazing sun goes down to the horizon, we soak in the hot spring like monkeys in the snow to fight against the cold air, Using the heat energy from the center of the earth to warm the body, the energy of nature is so close and interdependent with us.

荒寂、无期待、惊奇、探索一无所知的异世界

Desolation silence, nothingness expectation、surprise、exploring the strange world of ignorance

创造生活从探索“一无所知”开始，这个场地原本是工矿场地是工人一斧一凿拉开地表形成裸露出地表下30米的岩层，平常鲜少见到星体最初的面貌，即理所当然的处处充满惊奇的气氛，建筑设计攀附岩体而建，是探索路径的起点、是窥探极地的舱房，而我们是安营扎寨的星际旅人。

Creating life starts from exploring "ignorance". This site was originally an industrial and mining site, which was formed by workers pulling open the surface with one axe and one chisel, exposing the rock stratum 30 meters below the surface. Usually, the original appearance is rarely seen, that is, it is naturally full of an atmosphere of surprise everywhere. The architectural design is built by climbing the rock mass, which is the starting point of the exploration path and the cabin for peeping into the polar region, And we are camped star travelers.

度假是一场发现——不同的地方不同的路径；不同的建筑不同的房间；不同的习惯不同的味道。

南京园博园规划的宗旨是打造永远盛开的“南京花园”，用造园艺术 + 生态培育 + 多样功能等多种方式，创造世界级的花园群; 技术上采用生态系统、践行城市双修理念、修复生态基底，构建生态走廊。悦榕庄位于1990 年始建的汤山龙泉采石场，大片灰白、崖壁山石裸露是基地的现状，建筑的形态是依山而设、融于山林石壁。景观设计最主要的目的是保留工业遗址景观特色、风貌再现，所以我们用缥缈云池、悬浮观景，半山崖壁、多维空间的景象融入到景观设计之中，形态如半山崖壁悬浮半空中，形如半室内，内外空间融合，形如居于云海之上空中花园。